
Climate Diplomacy Program
The Climate Diplomacy Program examines how climate change and energy transition intersect with and influence the complex geopolitical and security dynamics of the MENA region. Through multidisciplinary research and strategic engagement, we analyze how regional actors navigate an evolving landscape characterized by competing interests while studying how countrie leverage climate action and energy transition to enhance their diplomatic influence and advance their strategic objectives.
Regional Context
The MENA region is witnessing significant transformation in its diplomatic landscape as climate change and energy transition reshape traditional alliances and create new partnership opportunities. Gulf states are increasingly leveraging their substantial financial resources to invest in renewable energy projects across Africa and Asia, enhancing their diplomatic influence while simultaneously diversifying their economies away from hydrocarbon dependence. Regional countries are also navigating complex relationships with global powers investing in clean energy infrastructure throughout the area. China's growing presence in regional renewable energy projects, critical mineral development, and green manufacturing creates both opportunities and challenges for MENA countries seeking to maintain strategic autonomy while accessing needed technology and investment capital.
At the same time, intensifying climate impacts are creating new security challenges that require innovative diplomatic solutions. Transboundary water management in increasingly stressed river basins, climate-induced migration across vulnerable borders, and mounting food security concerns increasingly demand more sophisticated regional cooperation mechanisms. The program provides policymakers with comprehensive strategic analysis of climate-security risks and diplomatic opportunities, practical guidance on partnership development and negotiation positioning, and effective frameworks for enhanced regional cooperation on shared climate challenges.
Through research, inclusive dialogue facilitation, and capacity building initiatives, we help regional actors navigate the complex intersection of climate policy and international relations to advance both ambitious climate action and core strategic interests. Our work is organized around the three workstreams detailed below:
-
Security-Climate Nexus
Analyzes how energy transition reshapes regional relationships. Examines climate change as a risk multiplier for regional tension, and how its cascading impacts can lead to displacement. This focus areas also studies how countries can leverage climate action to enhance influence while addressing security implications.
-
Energy Transition Geopolitics
Examines how the global shift to clean energy is reshaping strategic interests and power dynamics in the MENA region. Analyzes implications for oil and gas exporters, critical mineral producers, and renewable energy developers while identifying new patterns of cooperation and competition emerging from the changing energy landscape.
-
Climate Cooperation & Diplomacy
Explores opportunities for enhanced regional and international climate collaboration through formal and informal mechanisms. Analyzes negotiation positions, bilateral climate partnerships, and multilateral engagements while developing frameworks to strengthen diplomatic capacity on climate issues and maximize strategic benefits of climate cooperation
Showcase Project
China-Middle East Energy and Climate Cooperation
The China-Middle East Energy and Climate Relations sub-program at the Carboun Institute examines the evolving relationship between China and the MENA region in the context of energy transition and climate action. As China continues to be a major investor in regional infrastructure and energy projects while simultaneously leading in renewable energy technology, this program analyzes opportunities for enhanced cooperation in sustainable development.
Our research focuses on several key areas: China's Belt and Road Initiative investments in regional energy infrastructure, technology transfer opportunities in renewable energy and energy efficiency, bilateral and multilateral climate cooperation mechanisms, and trade relationships in green technology and sustainable products, knowledge exchange in climate adaptation and resilience, regional implications of China's domestic energy transition, and critical mineral resources and investments.